Endicott, New York Endicott, New York Endicott is positioned in New York Endicott - Endicott Endicott is a village in Broome County, New York, United States.
Endicott, a beginning member of the Endicott Johnson Corporation shoe manufacturing company, who established the improve as the "Home of the Square Deal".
The village of Endicott is in the town of Union and is west of the town/city of Binghamton.
1.1 The Endicott Johnson Corporation The village of Endicott was originally made up of two distinct villages: Union village (now the historic company precinct at the intersection of NYS Route 26 and NYS Route 17 - C), incorporated in 1892, and Endicott (whose center was along Washington Avenue and North Street), which was incorporated in 1906.
Endicott, on the other hand, was originally a business town constructed for and by the Endicott Johnson Corporation, which interval to turn into the biggest shoe business in the world by World War I. Growing out of a large tract of farmland, Endicott was known as a boomtown, and as a result acquired the nickname The Magic City. As the two villages had grown so much that there was no longer any physical distinct ion between them, Union village was consolidated into Endicott in 1921.
The Endicott Johnson Corporation The Endicott Johnson Corporation interval out of the Lester Brothers Boot and Shoe Company which began in Binghamton in 1854.
In 1890, Lester Brothers moved their company west to a close-by rural area, which in 1892 was incorporated as the village of Lestershire and in 1916 became Johnson City.
Financial enigma in 1890 forced the sale of the business to a creditor and fellow shoemaker, Henry Bradford Endicott of Massachusetts, who established the Endicott Shoe Company and in 1899 made factory foreman George F.
The village of Endicott is titled after Henry B.
Johnson was a brilliant businessman and under his direction the Endicott Shoe Company became very prosperous very quickly.
His early adoption of a new machine that could stitch "uppers" to "lowers" was the key to his success, meaning that for the first time in history unskilled workforce could manufacture shoes.
The next parcel of inexpensive, level territory along the barns and safely above the flood plain was a forested region around what is now the intersection of North Street and Washington Avenue in what is now Endicott.
Anticipating populace growth, the business also surveyed and laid out the current street pattern of most of Endicott north of Main Street, so in this sense, Endicott was a "planned community".
However, because of an initial lack of housing, from 1900 to 1910 most workers commuted on a horse-drawn streetcar line connecting Johnson City to Endicott along the current route of New York State Route 17 - C.
Endicott interval and flourished due to massive numbers of immigrants who came to the region to work for "EJ", dominantly from southern and easterly Europe.
Was said to be what they asked immigration officials at Ellis Island in New York City, but it is far more likely that they had already memorized the addresses of relatives or friends living in Endicott.
Johnson made sections of the company's territory holdings outside the factory precinct available to workers to build homes on, with financing provided by the company, and title reverting to the worker when the loan was paid off.
Along with extensive company-provided recreational facilities and medical clinics (unheard of at the time and decades before government took over these responsibilities), this "Square Deal" of the early 20th century is memorialized by contemporary arches erected by the workers in 1920 athwart Route 17 - C (Main Street) at the entrances to Endicott and Johnson City.
Loss of market share resulted in the method and sale of the Endicott factories Endicott is best known as the "Birthplace of IBM". The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR) was established in Endicott on June 16, 1911, via the consolidation of the International Time Recording Company (ITR), The Tabulating Machine Company, Computing Scale Company, and Bundy Time Recording.
The Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company changed its name to International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) in 1924.
The formation of what soon became IBM merged some of the primary companies in the industrialized time-keeping business, but its new chief executive, Thomas J.
A great motivator of salesmen, Watson sent them to a new territory of banks, corporations, and government agencies, where they explained how a database of IBM punched cards and data refining with IBM sorting machines would enable them to answer questions in a day or two that they were never even able to ask because of the months of clerk time that would have been required.
By the 1930s IBM was the dominant company in the world in electromechanical data refining and had contracts with a number of government agencies, prominently the initial Social Security contract.
Johnson, who saw Endicott as the world's first industrialized "park" with a "Square Deal" for everyone, IBM began building a factory complex just to the east of the Endicott-Johnson factories.
Endicott was the initial locale of all IBM manufacturing, research, and evolution from the early 1920s through World War II.
The outbreak of World War II and the subsequent mobilization of the economy and the induction of 12 million young men into the military resulted in a demand for more data refining work from IBM.
Several of the IBM factories in Endicott were converted to arms manufacturing amid World War II, prominently the manufacturing of sidearms (pistols).
After World War II, IBM concentrated on electronic data processing, a momentous departure from its previously very prosperous company of electromechanical data processing.
IBM's engineers and workers in Endicott provided reliable and cost-effective computers to government agencies, banks, and large corporations in the 1950s.
This knowledge revolution transformed the American and world economies, and made IBM one of the world's most prosperous corporations of the second half of the 20th century.
The expansion of IBM-Endicott beginning in the 1940s resulted in some residentiary evolution north and west of the initial Endicott street grid, but its primary effect was the transformation of the then semi-rural sites of Endwell (to the immediate east) and Vestal (to the immediate south) into the large residentiary areas they are today.
IBM's own expansion in this reconstructionwas the assembly of large research and evolution centers in the Glendale section of the town of Union (3 miles (5 km) to the west, now occupied by State of New York offices) and in Owego (9 miles (14 km) to the west, now owned by Lockheed Martin).
After the Second World War, IBM corporate command posts moved to Armonk, New York, and new research and manufacturing sites were established throughout the United States and overseas.
In 2002, IBM sold the aging Endicott manufacturing site to small-town investors.
There are six properties or districts in Endicott that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The Triple Cities College, a branch of Syracuse University, was started in Endicott in 1946, using buildings donated by IBM and Endicott-Johnson.
While originally associated with BU, the Cider Mill Playhouse now serves as an autonomous improve theatre in Endicott.
According to the United States Enumeration Bureau, the village has a total region of 3.2 square miles (8.3 km2), of which 0.004 square miles (0.01 km2), or 0.13%, is water. In the early 20th century Italians flocked to Endicott due to the opportunity for jobs in the Endicott-Johnson shoe factories. The Italians settled on the North Side of the village.
IBM Endicott has been identified by the Department of Environmental Conservation as the primary source of pollution, though traces of contaminants from a small-town dry cleaner and other polluters were also found.
Even with the amount of pollutant, state community officials could not verify whether air or water pollution in Endicott has actually caused any community problems.
Following an initial feasibility assessment, in 2008 the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) began a community study of former IBM Endicott employees to determine if they are more likely to precarious certain types of cancer than the general public.
The Village of Endicott has been working with the New York State DEC to remedy this concern.
Endicott is served by the Union-Endicott Central School District which oversees the following schools: a b "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Endicott village, New York".
"Endicott Johnson Company: George F.
"IBM Endicott Site, Health Statistics Review".
"NIOSH Feasibility Assessment for a Cancer Study Among Former IBM Employees Who Worked at the Endicott, New York Plant".
Village of Endicott official website IBM Archives article on the history of the IBM site in Endicott Department of Environmental Conservation summary on Endicott Municipalities and communities of Broome County, New York, United States Deposit Endicott Johnson City Lisle Port Dickinson Whitney Point Windsor
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Binghamton urbane region - Italian-American culture in New York - Villages in Broome County, New York - Populated places on the Susquehanna River - Villages in New York - Populated places established in 1892 - Company suburbs in New
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