This article is about the borough in New York City.
Borough of New York City Clockwise from top left: Brooklyn Bridge, Brooklyn brownstones, Soldiers' and Sailors' Arch, Brooklyn Borough Hall, Coney Island Clockwise from top left: Brooklyn Bridge, Brooklyn brownstones, Soldiers' and Sailors' Arch, Brooklyn Borough Hall, Coney Island Location of Brooklyn, shown in red, in New York City Location of Brooklyn, shown in red, in New York City State New York City New York City Type Borough (New York City) Brooklyn (/ br kl n/) is the most crowded borough of New York City, with a Census-estimated 2,636,735 inhabitants in 2015. It borders the borough of Queens at the southwestern end of Long Island.
Since 1896, Brooklyn has had the same boundaries as Kings County, the most crowded county in the U.S.
State of New York, and the second-most densely populated county in the United States, after the county of New York (which is coextensive with the borough of Manhattan). With a territory area of 71 square miles (180 km2) and water region of 26 square miles (67 km2), Kings County is New York's fourth-smallest county by territory area and third-smallest by total area, though it is the second-largest among the city's five boroughs. Today, if New York City dissolved, Brooklyn would project as the third-most crowded city in the U.S., behind Los Angeles and Chicago.
Brooklyn was an autonomous incorporated town/city (and previously an authorized village and town inside the provisions of the New York State Constitution) until January 1, 1898, when, after a long political campaign and enhance relations battle amid the 1890s, as stated to the new Municipal Charter of "Greater New York", Brooklyn was merged with the other cities, boroughs, and counties to form the undivided "City of New York," encircling the Upper New York Bay with five constituent boroughs.
In the first decades of the 21st century, Brooklyn has experienced a renaissance as an avant garde destination for hipsters, with concomitant gentrification, dramatic home price increases, and a decline in housing affordability. Since 2010, Brooklyn has evolved into a grow core of entrepreneurship and high technology startup firms, and of postmodern art and design. New York City's five boroughs v t e City of New York State of New York 1.2.3.1 Mayors of the City of Brooklyn 1.3 New York City borough Brooklyn Museum - Hooker's Map of the Village of Brooklyn The settlement began in the 17th century as the small Dutch-founded town of "Breuckelen" on the East River shore of Long Island, interval to be a sizeable town/city in the 19th century, and was merged in 1898 with New York City (then confined to Manhattan and part of the Bronx), the remaining non-urban areas of Kings County, and the largely non-urban areas of Queens and Staten Island, to form the undivided City of New York.
The colony's capital, New Amsterdam, athwart the East River, obtained its charter later than the village of Brooklyn did, in 1653.
What is today Brooklyn left Dutch hands after the final English conquest of New Netherland in 1664, a prelude to the Second Anglo Dutch War.
New Netherland was taken in a naval action, and the conquerors retitled their prize with respect to the overall English naval commander, James, Duke of York, brother of the then monarch King Charles II of England and future king himself as King James II of England and James VII of Scotland; Brooklyn became a part of the new English and later British colony, the Province of New York.
The English reorganized the six old Dutch suburbs on southwestern Long Island as Kings County on November 1, 1683, one of the "original twelve counties" then established in New York Province.
Further information: Battle of Long Island and New York and New Jersey campaign On August 27, 1776 was fought the Battle of Long Island (also known as the 'Battle of Brooklyn'), the first primary engagement fought in the American Revolutionary War after independence was declared, and the biggest of the entire conflict.
The fortified American positions at Brooklyn Heights consequently became untenable and were evacuated a several days later, leaving the British in control of New York Harbor.
The British controlled the encircling region for the duration of the war, as New York City was soon occupied and became their military and political base of operations in North America for the remainder of the conflict.
One result of the Treaty of Paris in 1783 was the evacuation of the British from New York City, jubilated by inhabitants into the 20th century.
The first half of the 19th century saw the beginning of the evolution of urban areas on the economically strategic East River shore of Kings County, facing the adolescent City of New York confined to Manhattan Island.
The New York Navy Yard directed in Wallabout Bay (border between Brooklyn and Williamsburgh) for the entire 19th century and two-thirds of the 20th century.
The first center of urbanization sprang up in the Town of Brooklyn, directly athwart from Lower Manhattan, which saw the incorporation of the Village of Brooklyn in 1817.
Ferry Road to Jamaica Pass became Fulton Street to East New York.
Town and Village were combined to form the first, kernel incarnation of the City of Brooklyn in 1834.
However, the East River shore was burgeoning too fast for the three-year-old infant City of Williamsburgh; it, along with its Town of Bushwick hinterland, was subsumed inside a greater City of Brooklyn in 1854.
Van Anden on April 19, 1842, and the paper was retitled The Brooklyn Daily Eagle and Kings County Democrat on June 1, 1846. On May 14, 1849 the name was shortened to The Brooklyn Daily Eagle; on September 5, 1938 it was further shortened to Brooklyn Eagle. The establishment of the paper in the 1840s helped precarious a separate identity for Brooklynites over the next century.
Agitation against Southern standardized was stronger in Brooklyn than in New York, and under Republican leadership the town/city was fervent in the Union cause in the Civil War.
Every time a rash of burglaries broke out, officials blamed burglars coming in from New York City.
In 1857 the state council consolidated the Brooklyn force with that of New York City. Fervent in the Union cause, the town/city of Brooklyn played a primary part in supplying troops and materiel for the American Civil War.
The most well-known regiment to be sent off to war from the town/city was the 14th Brooklyn "Red Legged Devils".
Brooklyn is referred to as a twin town/city of New York in the 1883 poem, "The New Colossus" by Emma Lazarus, which appears on a plaque inside the Statue of Liberty.
The poem calls New York Harbor "the air-bridged harbor that twin metros/cities frame".
As a twin town/city to New York, it played a part in nationwide affairs that was later overshadowed by its century-old submergence into its old partner and rival.
Economic expansion continued, propelled by immigration and industrialization, and Brooklyn established itself as the third-most crowded American town/city for much of the 19th century.
The municipal Police Department, however, was abolished in 1854 in favor of a Metropolitan force covering also New York and Westchester Counties.
In 1865 the Brooklyn Fire Department (BFD) also gave way to the new Metropolitan Fire District.
Throughout this reconstructionthe peripheral suburbs of Kings County, far from Manhattan and even from urban Brooklyn, maintained their rustic independence.
Early in the next century, under their new name of Brooklyn Dodgers, they brought baseball to Ebbets Field, beyond Prospect Park.
Toward the end of the 19th century, the City of Brooklyn experienced its final, explosive expansion spurt.
In the space of a decade, the town/city annexed the Town of New Lots in 1886, the Town of Flatbush, the Town of Gravesend, the Town of New Utrecht in 1894, and the Town of Flatlands in 1896.
See also: List of mayors of New York City and Brooklyn borough presidents Brooklyn propel a mayor from 1834 until consolidation in 1898 into the City of Greater New York, whose own second mayor (1902 1903), Seth Low, had been Mayor of Brooklyn from 1882 to 1885.
New York City borough Further information: History of New York City (1898 1945) In 1883, the Brooklyn Bridge was completed, transit to Manhattan was no longer by water only, and the City of Brooklyn's ties to the City of New York were strengthened.
The question became whether Brooklyn was prepared to engage in the still-grander process of consolidation then developing throughout the region, whether to join with the county of New York, the county of Richmond and the portion of Queens County to form the five boroughs of a united City of New York.
Kings County retained its status as one of New York State's counties, but the loss of Brooklyn's separate identity as a town/city was met with consternation by some inhabitants at the time.
Brooklyn totals 97 square miles (250 km2) in area, of which 71 square miles (180 km2) is territory (73%), and 26 square miles (67 km2) is water (27%); the borough is the second-largest in territory area among the boroughs of New York City.
However, Kings County, coterminous with Brooklyn, is New York State's fourth-smallest county by territory area and third-smallest by total area. Brooklyn lies at the southwestern end of Long Island, and the borough's border constitutes the island's tip.
Brooklyn's water borders are extensive and varied, including Jamaica Bay; the Atlantic Ocean; The Narrows, separating Brooklyn from the borough of Staten Island in New York City and crossed by the Verrazano Narrows Bridge; Upper New York Bay, separating Brooklyn from Jersey City and Bayonne in the U.S.
State of New Jersey; and the East River, separating Brooklyn from the borough of Manhattan in New York City and traversed by the Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel, the Brooklyn Bridge, the Manhattan Bridge, the Williamsburg Bridge, and various routes of the New York City Subway.
Kennedy International Airport in that borough's Howard Beach neighborhood, approximately two miles from the border of the East New York neighborhood of Brooklyn.
The downtown Brooklyn skyline, the Manhattan Bridge (far left), and the Brooklyn Bridge (near left) are seen athwart the East River from Lower Manhattan at sunset in 2013.
Brooklyn has been New York City's most crowded borough since the mid-1920s.
Since 2010, the populace of Brooklyn was estimated by the United States Enumeration Bureau to have increased 5.3% to 2,636,735, as of 2015 Brooklyn's estimated populace represented 30.8% of New York City's estimated populace of 8,550,405; 33.6% of Long Island's populace of 7,838,722; and 13.3% of New York State's populace of 19,795,791. Haredim Jewish ( ) inhabitants in Brooklyn, home to the biggest Jewish improve in the United States, with approximately 600,000 individuals, about 23% Jewish of the borough's populace in 2011. According to the 2010 United States Census, Brooklyn's populace was 42.8% White, including 35.7% non-Hispanic White; 34.3% Black, including 31.9% non-Hispanic black; 10.5% Asian; 0.5% Native American; 0.0% (rounded) Pacific Islander; 3.0% Multiracial American; and 8.8% from Other competitions.
Celebrating Chinese New Year in Little Fuzhou ( ), one of a several Chinatowns in Brooklyn ( ), in Sunset Park ( ).
Brooklyn's lesbian improve is the biggest out of all of the New York City boroughs. See also: List of Brooklyn neighborhoods and New York City ethnic enclaves Given New York City's part as a crossroads for legal and illegal immigration from around the world, Brooklyn has evolved a globally cosmopolitan ambience of its own, demonstrating a robust and burgeoning demographic and cultural range with respect to metrics including nationality, religion, race, and domiciliary partnership.
Brooklyn contains dozens of distinct neighborhoods representing many of the primary culturally identified groups found inside New York City.
Main article: Jews in New York City Many hospitals in Brooklyn were started by Jewish charities, including Maimonides Medical Center in Borough Park and Brookdale Hospital in Brownsville. Many non-religious Jews are concentrated in Ditmas Park, Windsor Terrace and Park Slope.
Main articles: Chinatowns in Brooklyn and Chinese Americans in New York City It is called "Brooklyn's Chinatown" and its Chinese populace is composed in majority by Fuzhounese Americans, rendering this Chinatown with the nicknames Fuzhou Town ( ), Brooklyn ( ) or the Little Fuzhou ( ) of Brooklyn.
Main article: Caribbeans in New York City Brooklyn's African American and Caribbean communities are spread throughout much of Brooklyn.
Brooklyn's West Indian improve is concentrated in the Crown Heights, Flatbush, East Flatbush, Kensington, and Canarsie neighborhoods in central Brooklyn.
Bedford-Stuyvesant is home to one of the most famous African American communities in the city, along with Brownsville, East New York, and Coney Island.
Further information: Puerto Rican migration to New York City and Nuyorican Like other Latino neighborhoods in New York City, Bushwick has an established Puerto Rican presence, along with an influx of many Dominicans, South Americans, Central Americans, Mexicans, as well as a more recent influx of Puerto Ricans.
Puerto Ricans and Dominicans are dominant in Bushwick, Williamsburg, and East New York, while Mexicans are dominant in Sunset Park and Panamanians in Crown Heights.
Main article: Russian Americans in New York City Main article: Italians in New York City Today, Arab Americans and Pakistani Americans along with other Muslim communities have moved into the southwest portion of Brooklyn, especially to Bay Ridge, where there are many Middle Eastern restaurants, hookah lounges, halal shops, Islamic shops and mosques.
Irish Americans can be found throughout Brooklyn, in low to moderate concentrations in the neighborhoods of Bay Ridge, Marine Park, Gerritsen Beach, and Vinegar Hill.
Brooklyn's Greek Americans live throughout the borough, but their businesses today are concentrated in Downtown Brooklyn near Atlantic Avenue.
Same-sex marriages in New York were legalized on June 24, 2011 and were authorized to take place beginning 30 days after that. The Park Slope neighborhood spearheaded the popularity of Brooklyn among lesbians, and various neighborhoods have since turn into home to LGBTQ communities.
Various neighborhoods in Brooklyn, including Williamsburg, DUMBO, Red Hook, and Park Slope evolved as prominent neighborhoods for artists-in-residence.
However, rents and costs of living have since increased dramatically in these same neighborhoods, forcing artists to move to somewhat less expensive neighborhoods in Brooklyn or athwart Upper New York Bay to locales in New Jersey, such as Jersey City or Hoboken. Since consolidation with New York City in 1898, Brooklyn has been governed by the New York City Charter that provides for a "strong" mayor-council system.
The centralized government of New York City is responsible for enhance education, correctional establishments, enhance safety, recreational facilities, sanitation, waterworks, and welfare services.
On the other hand, the Brooklyn Public Library is an autonomous nonprofit organization partially funded by the government of New York City, but also by the government of New York State, the U.S.
Each borough president had a powerful administrative part derived from having a vote on the New York City Board of Estimate, which was responsible for creating and approving the city's budget and proposals for territory use.
In 1989, the Supreme Court of the United States declared the Board of Estimate unconstitutional because Brooklyn, the most crowded borough, had no greater effective representation on the Board than Staten Island, the least crowded borough; it was a violation of the high court's 1964 "one man, one vote" reading of the Fourteenth Amendment. Since 1990 the Borough President has acted as an promote for the borough at the mayoral agencies, the City Council, the New York state government, and corporations.
Adams replaced prominent Borough President Marty Markowitz, also a Democrat, who partially used his office to promote tourism and new evolution for Brooklyn.
Representative Dan Donovan and New York State Senator Marty Golden.
Thompson following his death in October 2016. Brooklyn has 16 City Council members, the biggest number of any of the five boroughs.
Brooklyn has 18 of the city's 59 improve districts, each served by an unpaid Community Board with advisory powers under the city's Uniform Land Use Review Procedure.
See also: Economy of New York City Brooklyn's job market is driven by three chief factors: the performance of the nationwide and town/city economy, populace flows and the borough's position as a convenient back office for New York's businesses. Forty-four percent of Brooklyn's working population, or 410,000 citizens , work in the borough; more than half of the borough's inhabitants work outside its boundaries.
Brooklyn is also attracting various high technology start-up companies, as Silicon Alley, the metonym for New York City's entrepreneurship ecosystem, has period from Lower Manhattan into Brooklyn. See also: Culture of New York City and Media of New York City The Brooklyn accent has often been portrayed as the "typical New York accent" in American media, although this accent and stereotype are supposedly fading out. Brooklyn's official colors are blue and gold. Brooklyn hosts the world-renowned Brooklyn Academy of Music, the Brooklyn Philharmonic, and the second biggest enhance art compilation in the United States, homed in the Brooklyn Museum.
The Brooklyn Museum, opened in 1897, is New York City's second-largest enhance art exhibition.
The only such New York State institution accredited by the American Alliance of Museums, it is one of the several globally to have a permanent compilation over 30,000 cultural objects and natural history specimens.
Brooklyn Technical High School has the second-largest auditorium in New York City (after Radio City Music Hall), with a seating capacity of over 3,000. Brooklyn has a several small-town newspapers: The Brooklyn Daily Eagle, Bay Currents (Oceanfront Brooklyn), Brooklyn View, The Brooklyn Paper, and Courier-Life Publications.
Courier-Life Publications, owned by Rupert Murdoch's News Corporation, is Brooklyn's biggest chain of newspapers.
Brooklyn is also served by the primary New York dailies, including The New York Times, the New York Daily News, and the New York Post.
Brooklyn Magazine is one of the several glossy magazines about Brooklyn.
Several others, that are now defunct, include: BKLYN Magazine (a bimonthly lifestyle book owned by Joseph Mc - Carthy, that saw itself as a vehicle for high-end advertisers in Manhattan and was mailed to 80,000 high-income homeholds), Brooklyn Bridge Magazine, The Brooklynite (a free, glossy quarterly edited by Daniel Treiman), and NRG (edited by Gail Johnson and originally marketed as a small-town periodical for Clinton Hill and Fort Greene, but period in scope to turn into the self-proclaimed "Pulse of Brooklyn" and then the "Pulse of New York"). Over 60 ethnic groups, writing in 42 languages, publish some 300 non-English language magazines and newspapers in New York City.
The City of New York has an official tv station, run by the NYC Media Group, which features programming based in Brooklyn.
Brooklyn Community Access Television is the borough's enhance access channel. See also: Tourism in New York City Coney Island advanced as a playground for the rich in the early 1900s, but it interval as one of America's first amusement grounds and thriving crowds from all over New York.
Floyd Bennett Field: the first municipal airport in New York City and long closed for operations, is now part of the National Park System.
New York Transit Museum displays historical artifacts of Greater New York's subway, commuter rail, and bus systems; it is positioned at Court Street, a former Independent Subway System station in Brooklyn Heights on the Fulton Street Line.
Prospect Park is a enhance park in central Brooklyn encompassing 585 acres (2.37 km2). The park was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux, who created Manhattan's Central Park.
Attractions include the Long Meadow, a 90-acre (36 ha) meadow, the Picnic House, which homes offices and a hall that can accommodate parties with up to 175 guests; Litchfield Villa, Prospect Park Zoo, the Boathouse, housing a visitors center and the first urban Audubon Center; Brooklyn's only lake, covering 60 acres (24 ha); the Prospect Park Bandshell that hosts no-charge outside concerts in the summertime; and various sports and public activities including seven baseball fields.
Brooklyn's primary experienced sports squads are the NBA's Brooklyn Nets and the NHL's New York Islanders.
Previously, the Nets had played in Uniondale, New York and in New Jersey, while the Islanders had played in Uniondale since their inception.
In the earliest days of organized baseball, Brooklyn squads dominated the new game.
Brooklyn's Excelsiors, Atlantics and Eckfords were the dominant squads from the mid-1850s through the Civil War, and there were dozens of small-town squads with neighborhood league play, such as at Mapleton Oval. During this "Brooklyn era", baseball evolved into the undivided game: the first fastball, first changeup, first batting average, first triple play, first pro baseball player, first enclosed ballpark, first scorecard, first known black team, first black championship game, first road trip, first gambling scandal, and first eight pennant winners were all in or from Brooklyn. Brooklyn's most famous historical team, the Brooklyn Dodgers, titled for "trolley dodgers" played at Ebbets Field. In 1947 Jackie Robinson was hired by the Dodgers as the first black player in Major League Baseball in the undivided era.
In 1955, the Dodgers, perennial National League pennant winners, won the only World Series for Brooklyn against their rival New York Yankees.
After a 43-year hiatus, experienced baseball returned to the borough in 2001 with the Brooklyn Cyclones, a minor league team that plays in MCU Park in Coney Island.
Brooklyn once had a National Football League team titled the Brooklyn Lions in the 1920s, who played at Ebbets Field.
See also: Transportation in New York City Eighteen New York City Subway services, including the Franklin Avenue Shuttle, traverse the borough.
Proposed New York City Subway lines never assembled include a line along Nostrand or Utica Avenues to Marine Park, as well as a subway line to Spring Creek. New York's famous yellow cabs also furnish transportation in Brooklyn, although they are less various in the borough.
There are three commuter rail stations in Brooklyn: East New York, Nostrand Avenue, and Atlantic Terminal, the end of the Atlantic Branch of the Long Island Rail Road.
A streetcar line connecting Brooklyn with Queens was proposed by the town/city in February 2016, with the prepared timeline calling for service to begin around 2024.
See also: Brooklyn streets and List of lettered Brooklyn avenues These include the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway, the Gowanus Expressway (which is part of the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway), the Prospect Expressway (New York State Route 27), the Belt Parkway, and the Jackie Robinson Parkway (formerly the Interborough Parkway).
Much of Brooklyn has only titled streets, but Park Slope, Bay Ridge, Sunset Park, Bensonhurst, and Borough Park and the other sections have numbered streets running approximately northwest to southeast, and numbered avenues going approximately northeast to southwest.
Numbered streets prefixed by "North" and "South" in Williamsburg, and "Bay", "Beach", "Brighton", "Plumb", "Paerdegat" or "Flatlands" along the southern and southwestern waterfront are loosely based on the old grids of the initial towns of Kings County that eventually merged to form Brooklyn.
Brooklyn is connected to Manhattan by three bridges, the Brooklyn, Manhattan, and Williamsburg bridges; a vehicular tunnel, the Hugh L.
The Verrazano Narrows Bridge links Brooklyn with the more suburban borough of Staten Island.
Although much of its border is on land, Brooklyn shares a several water crossings with Queens, including the Kosciuszko Bridge (part of the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway), the Pulaski Bridge, and the JJ Byrne Memorial Bridge, all of which carry traffic over Newtown Creek, and the Marine Parkway Bridge connecting Brooklyn to the Rockaway Peninsula.
Brooklyn was long a primary shipping port, especially at the Brooklyn Army Terminal in Sunset Park.
Most container ship cargo operations have shifted to the New Jersey side of New York Harbor, while the Brooklyn Cruise Terminal in Red Hook is a focal point for New York's burgeoning cruise industry.
NY Waterway offers commuter services from the shore of Brooklyn to points in Lower Manhattan, Midtown, and Long Island City, as well as tours and charters.
A Cross-Harbor Rail Tunnel, originally proposed in the 1920s as a core universal for the then new Port Authority of New York is again being studied and discussed as a way to ease freight movements athwart a large swath of the urbane area.
Manhattan Bridge seen from Brooklyn Bridge Park.
See also: Education in New York City and List of high schools in New York City Public schools in the borough are managed by the New York City Department of Education, the biggest enhance school system.
Brooklyn Technical High School (commonly called Brooklyn Tech), a New York City enhance high school, is the biggest specialized high school for science, mathematics, and technology in the United States. Brooklyn Tech opened in 1922.
It covers about half of a town/city block. Brooklyn Tech is noted for its famous alumni (including two Nobel Laureates), its academics, and the large number of graduates attending prestigious universities.
Brooklyn College is a senior college of the City University of New York, and was the first enhance coeducational liberal arts college in New York City.
Founded in 1970, Medgar Evers College is a senior college of the City University of New York, with a mission to precarious and maintain high character, professional, career-oriented undergraduate degree programs in the situation of a liberal arts education.
CUNY's New York City College of Technology (City Tech) of The City University of New York (CUNY) (Downtown Brooklyn/Brooklyn Heights) is the biggest enhance college of technology in New York State and a nationwide model for technological education.
Established in 1946, City Tech can trace its roots to 1881 when the Technical Schools of the Metropolitan Museum of Art were retitled the New York Trade School.
The Medical Center comprises the College of Medicine, College of Health Related Professions, College of Nursing, School of Public Health, School of Graduate Studies, and University Hospital of Brooklyn.
The College of Medicine has the highest percentage of minority students of any medical school in New York State.
Brooklyn Law School's 1994 new classical "Fell Hall" tower, by architect Robert A.
Long Island University is a private college headquartered in Brookville on Long Island, with a ground in Downtown Brooklyn with 6,417 undergraduate students.
The New York University Tandon School of Engineering, the United States' second earliest private institute of technology, established in 1854, has its chief campus in Downtown's Metro - Tech Center, a commercial, civic and educational redevelopment universal of which it was a key sponsor.
NYU-Tandon is one of the 18 schools and universities that comprise New York University (NYU). Francis is considered by the New York Times as one of the more diverse colleges, and was ranked one of the best baccalaureate universities by both Forbes periodical and U.S.
Kingsborough Community College is a junior college in the City University of New York system, positioned in Manhattan Beach.
As an autonomous system, separate from the New York and Queens enhance library systems, the Brooklyn Public Library offers thousands of enhance programs, millions of books, and use of more than 850 no-charge Internet-accessible computers.
In addition to its specialized Business Library in Brooklyn Heights, the Library is preparing to construct its new Visual & Performing Arts Library (VPA) in the BAM Cultural District, which will focus on the link between new and emerging arts and technology and home traditional and digital collections.
See also: New York City Sister metros/cities Main article: List of hospitals in New York City Brooklyn List of counties in New York History of New York City List of former municipalities in New York City Flag of New York City.svg - New York City portal Flag of New York.svg - New York portal a b c Quick - Facts for Kings County (Brooklyn Borough), New York, United States Enumeration Bureau.
GCT-PH1; Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2000 - United States -- County by State; and for Puerto Rico from the Enumeration 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data, United States Enumeration Bureau.
2010 Gazetteer for New York State, United States Enumeration Bureau.
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"One Celebrated Brooklyn Artist's Futuristic New Practice".
Brooklyn Daily Eagle Map of six townships "Notes Geographical and Historical, relating to the Town of Brooklyn, in Kings County on Long-Island".
"The Brooklyn Eagle and Kings County Democrat".
"The Brooklyn Eagle and Kings County Democrat".
"The Brooklyn Eagle and Kings County Democrat".
"The Brooklyn Eagle and Kings County Democrat".
"The Brooklyn Eagle and Kings County Democrat".
Jacob Judd, "Policing the City of Brooklyn in the 1840's and 1850's", Journal of Long Island History (1966) (6)2 pp.
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The 100 Year Anniversary of the Consolidation of the 5 Boroughs into New York City, New York City, retrieved January 31, 2008 "Station Name: NY NEW YORK JFK INTL AP".
""Notes Geographical and Historical, relating to the Town of Brooklyn, i" by Gabriel Furman and Paul Royster (transcriber & depositor)".
"Annual Estimates of the Resident Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015 2015 Population Estimates New York".
"Kings County, New York Quick - Facts".
"State & County Quick - Facts - Queens County (Queens Borough), New York".
"Nassau County, New York Quick - Facts".
"Suffolk County, New York Quick - Facts".
"New York Quick - Facts".
"Nearly one in four Brooklyn inhabitants are Jews, new study finds".
New York Daily News.
"Selected Population Profile in the United States - 2014 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates - Kings County, New York Chinese alone".
Enumeration Bureau, "Residential Population and Components of Change New York State and Counties, April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005"" (PDF).
"Kings County (Brooklyn Borough), New York".
"Enumeration Shows More Black Residents Are Leaving New York and Other Cities".
Brooklyn Economic Development Corporation.
"New York Allows Same-Sex Marriage, Becoming Largest State to Pass Law".
"Life After Brooklyn - Moving Out of Brooklyn Because of High Prices".
Cornell Law School Supreme Court Collection: Board of Estimate of City of New York v.
New York State Department of Labor Brooklyn Report, April 2006 Archived February 1, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
New York City Economic Development Corporation, Brooklyn Borough Update March 2004.
A Case Study of Seatrain Shipbuilding & the Brooklyn Navy Yard.
New York State Dept of Labor Archived February 1, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
"New York State Dept of Labor".
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"Brooklyn Technical High School, K430, Borough of Brooklyn , Zip Code 11217".
"Cross Brooklyn Expressway (I-878, unbuilt)".
New York City School Reports 2006 07 "Brooklyn Technical High School".
"Brooklyn Public Library".
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brooklyn, New York City.
The Brooklyn Daily Eagle Online, 1841-1902 (from the Brooklyn Public Library) Notes Geographical and Historical, relating to the Town of Brooklyn, in Kings County on Long-Island.
Categories:
Brooklyn - Boroughs of New York City - County seats in New York - Former villages in New York - Former suburbs in New York - Populated places established in 1634 - Populated coastal places in New York - Long Island - 1634 establishments in the Dutch Empire
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